SAO PAULO (ICIS)–Dow has decided to stop producing polyether polyols at its site in San Lorenzo, in Argentina’s province of Santa Fe, on the back of poor economics, the US chemicals major confirmed to ICIS on Wednesday. Dow said global oversupply for polyols had caused the San Lorenzo plant to persistently operate at low rates. The company had already intended to halt polyurethane (PU) production there in 2021, but pressure from trade unions and the national government at the time stopped it from taking the decision. According to Dow, 40 employees at the plant will be affected by the closure, although trade unions say the figure is 120. The United Petrochemical Workers and Employees Union representing the plant’s employees said the company took the decision to shut the plant without notifying workers representatives, according to reports by local media in Santa Fe. Dow said, however, employees had been “notified in accordance” with Argentine labor laws. “The business driver for this final decision is aligned with the company’s strategy to optimize its asset footprint. The San Lorenzo production unit has been operating at low utilization rates, while there is an excess of installed capacity in polyol plants all over the world,” said the company. “Dow has worked to minimize any potential impact and is well positioned to meet customer demands and deliver the product mix needed to serve them. These customers may also acquire products from other suppliers at competitive prices, as they currently do.” The chemicals major said it would continue to “work closely with all stakeholders” of the San Lorenzo site to ensure an “orderly and smooth” transition. The PU plant had a production capacity of 50,000 tonnes/year, according to the ICIS Supply and Demand Database. Dow keeps a large presence in Argentina, where it is the sole producer of polyethylene (PE). Its main operating facilities are in Bahia Blanca, south of Buenos Aires, where it employs 3,000 workers in 12 production plants. Additional reporting by Bruno Menini

HOUSTON (ICIS)–Railroad company CSX is suspending operations at several of its intermodal and TRANSFLO terminals in Florida ahead of Milton, which has shifted its path away from Tampa, a major fertilizer hub. If Milton maintains its latest forecasted path, it could spare Tampa of the worst damage, according to CoreLogic, an insurance data company. Milton’s maximum sustained winds are nearly 145 miles/h (230 km/h), making it a Category 4 hurricane, according to the National Hurricane Center (NHC). Milton is expected to weaken to a Category 3 hurricane and make landfall later on Wednesday south of Tampa near Sarasota, Florida, CoreLogic said. Milton will then pass over central Florida. RAIL DISRUPTIONSRail shipments through the Tampa area will likely face delays until Milton passes, CSX said. It expects multiple downed trees and power outages in the Wildwood, Lakeland and surrounding Tampa subdivisions. Lakeland and nearby Kathleen are near Tampa and are home to some thermoset resin plants. CSX has taken the following actions: Closed the Central Florida ILC intermodal gate. Closed the Tampa, FL intermodal gate. Closed the TRANSFLO terminals at Tampa and Tampa Port. Will close the Sanford TRANSFLO terminal midday on Wednesday. Another railroad company, Norfolk Southern, has not updated its notice from 7 October, when it said that it is monitoring and preparing for Hurricane Milton. MORE PORTS CLOSESome of Florida’s ports on the Atlantic coast have set conditions to Zulu, meaning that they are closed to inbound and outbound vessels. The following table summarizes the port conditions along the eastern and western coasts of Florida. Port Status Condition Port of Pensacola Open Port Panama City Open X-Ray Port St Joe Open X-Ray Port Tampa Bay Closed Zulu SeaPort Manatee Closed Zulu PortMiami Open Yankee Port Everglades Open Yankee Port of Palm Beach Closed Zulu Fort Pierce Closed Zulu Port Canaveral Closed Zulu Jaxport Closed Zulu Port of Fernandina Closed Zulu Source: ports, US Coast Guard IMPACT ON FERTILIZERS, PHOSPHATES, CHEMSFor chemicals, there is some epoxy resin, phenolic resin and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) production in Lakeland and Kathleen, Florida. Milton will make landfall far from Pensacola, Florida, which has plants that make nylon and thermoset resins. Tampa is an important hub for the US fertilizer industry, hosting corporate offices, trading, product storage, shipping and other logistical operations. Fertilizer producer Mosaic has its headquarters in Tampa. The company has not issued any statements regarding its corporate operations. A source at the fertilizer company Yara said it was shutting down its Tampa offices to comply with the evacuation orders. Near Tampa is Florida’s phosphate mining operations in Bone Valley, which covers parts of Hardee, Hillsborough, Manatee and Polk counties. In all, Florida has 27 phosphate mines, of which nine are active, according to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Canadian fertilizer producer Nutrien has yet to restart its White Springs phosphate operations following Helene, an earlier hurricane that made landfall farther north in Florida’s Big Bend region. On 30 September, Mosaic said its Riverview operations were offline following water intrusion from a storm surge caused by Hurricane Helene. POSSIBLE DAMAGEHurricane Milton could be extremely destructive because of its winds, rainfall and storm surge. It will pass over the following metropolitan statistical areas. Region Population Tampa 3,342,963 Orlando 2,817,933 Jacksonville 1,713,240 Sarasota 910,108 Source: US Census Bureau The following map shows the expected path of Milton. Source: National Hurricane Center CoreLogic, the insurance data company, said Milton’s shift to the south of Tampa could limit the magnitude of insured losses. The following map compares three insured loss scenarios based on Milton’s path. Source: CoreLogic The following map shows Milton’s expected storm surges. Source: National Hurricane Center. The following map shows three-day rain totals. Source: CoreLogic CHEMS AND RECONSTRUCTIONFor hurricanes in general, reconstruction can translate to increased demand for many chemicals and polymers. The white pigment titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used in paints. Solvents used in paints and coatings include butyl acetate (butac), butyl acrylate (butyl-A), ethyl acetate (etac), glycol ethers, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and isopropanol (IPA). Blends of aliphatic and aromatic solvents are also used to make paints and coatings. For polymers, expandable polystyrene (EPS) and polyurethane (PU) foam are used in insulation. Polyurethanes are made of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and polyols. High density polyethylene (HDPE) is used in pipe. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used to make cladding, window frames, wires and cables, flooring and roofing membranes. Unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) are used to make coatings and composites. Vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) is used to make paints and adhesives. Thumbnail shows an image of Hurricane Milton. Image by the National Hurricane Center. 

SINGAPORE (ICIS)–Volatility marked the first few days of re-opening of China’s financial and commodities markets as investors’ initial hopes of more economic measures were crushed. Implementation plans for pre-holiday measures unclear Infrastructure-focused sovereign bonds to drive growth further China GDP growth to slow to 4.3% in 2025 – World Bank The highly anticipated return of Chinese market players after a week-long absence sparked a surge in the equities markets, with the closely watched CSI 300 – which tracks shares of the top 300 companies trading in Shanghai and Shenzhen, had surged by 11% on 8 October. “Expectations were high after the monetary announcements made [in] the week of 24 September and there were even news reports of up to a [yuan] CNY10 trillion ($1.4 trillion) stimulus,” hedge fund portfolio manager Rikki Malik said in a note issued on Wednesday for investment research and analysis firm Smartkarma. On Wednesday, the CSI300 index fell by 7%, reflecting concerns over the lack of concrete new stimulus measures from Beijing to sustain the rally. Other Asian equity indices tracked the weakness in Chinese bourses amid risk aversion also stoked by geopolitical jitters in the Middle East At 08:53 GMT, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index was down by around 1.4% at 20,637.24, continuing from its sharpest single-day decline in 16 years in the previous session. Chemicals giant Sinopec was down by 3.61% and state energy firm PetroChina fell by 3.14% in Hong Kong. Elsewhere in Asia, South Korea’s KOSPI Composite ended 0.61% lower to 2,594.36 while Japan’s key Nikkei 225 closed up by 0.87% at 39,277.96 China’s petrochemical futures tumbled, with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), purified terephthalic acid (PTA) and paraxylene (PX) futures leading the slump. Market sentiment was also weighed down by crude oil’s plunge overnight, in which both Brent and WTI benchmarks shed more than 4%. POST-HOLIDAY POLICY BRIEFING UNDERWHELMS The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) – China’s top economic planner – held a briefing on 8 October in which chairman Zheng Shanjie said that China was “fully confident” of achieving economic targets for 2024. But his failure to detail sufficiently big or new measures rekindled market doubts about Beijing’s commitment to ensuring the economy can climb out of its most serious slump since the global pandemic and achieve a 5% growth. Market players were initially expecting the government to adopt further fiscal measures to arrest the slowdown of the world’s second-biggest economy. Instead, the NDRC emphasized confidence in achieving the “around 5%” growth target for this year based on policy measures announced in late September. Toward this end, issuance of long-term sovereign and local government bonds will be accelerated to fund infrastructure projects well into next year. Additionally, the NDRC announced upcoming investments in key strategic areas totaling yuan (CNY) 100 billion, on top of plans to expedite CNY100 billion in central government investment originally planned for 2025. NO MAJOR NEAR-TERM IMPACT FROM STIMULUS MEASURES During the seven-day China holiday in the first week of October, domestic tourist trips grew 5.9% year on year, with revenues up by 6.3% over the same period. But the per trip spend was near flat at 0.4%, according to data from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Week-long holidays in the country, including the Spring Festival/Lunar New Year and Labor Day celebrations in February and May, respectively, typically result in spikes in domestic tourism spending. In October, domestic tourism activities remained positive this year while there were also reports of stronger outbound and inbound travel during the period. The two earlier major holidays in China – the Spring Festival and Labour Day holidays – had recorded stronger improvements across number of trips, total spend and spend per trip, according to Singapore-based UOB Global Economics & Markets Research in a note on Wednesday. “Although the recovery in outbound travel may dilute the demand for domestic tourism, the moderation in spend per trip continue to indicate more cautious spending amongst consumers,” it said. “The initial spillover from recent PBOC [People’s Bank of China]-led stimulus to consumer spending including the rollout of local government vouchers and promotions to boost consumption had been lacking in the National Day holiday statistics,” UOB said. “This further affirms the need for stronger fiscal measures that target consumption and support to the labor market particularly with youth unemployment rate rising to 18.8% in Aug which continues to hamper the recovery in consumer confidence.” Ahead of the National Day holidays, China’s central bank had announced stimulus measures estimated to be worth at least CNY3 trillion, which is equivalent to 2.3% of its GDP. These measures include a 50-basis point cut to banks’ reserve requirement ratio (RRR), injecting CNY1 trillion into the financial system. Further measures include a CNY1 trillion capital injection to state-owned banks, a reduction in interest rates on existing mortgages to release CNY150 billion in funds, and CNY800 billion allocated to swap and re-lending facilities for stock purchases. “Investors were also disappointed that some of the 2025 budget would be pulled forward to this year, implying no new money, but… it is easier to issue special bonds which are off budget, rather than going through the rigmarole of increasing this year’s budget deficit,” said SmartKarma’s Malik. Markets will now be closely watching for further fiscal stimulus to support consumption and investment. “In addition, given the onset of winter, construction projects need to be started quickly. We fully expect there to be further issuance of ultra-long special bonds,” Malik added. Investors watching for signs of China’s next policy moves now have three key dates circled on their calendars. In late October, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC) is scheduled to meet in late October. Meanwhile, China’s Q3 GDP is slated for release on 18 October; while country’s Politburo is due to meet early December, leading to the annual Central Economic Work Conference (CEWC). The CEWC is a pivotal annual meeting in China during which country’s economic agenda is set for the upcoming year. The conference typically takes place over two to three days in December. CHINA 2025 GROWTH TO SLOW DESPITE STIMULUS – WB Economic growth in China is projected to slow to 4.3% next year from 4.8% in 2024 despite economic stimulus measures that China introduced in September, the World Bank warned in a report on 7 October. This is due in part to low consumer and investor confidence, property market weakness, an ageing population and global tensions, the multilateral institution said. “Recently signalled fiscal support may lift short-term growth but longer-term growth will depend on deeper structural reforms,” the World Bank said. “China has led growth in the region for more than three decades, but its relative growth is likely to slow down in future,” it added. Insight article by Nurluqman Suratman With contributions from Jonathan Yee ($1 = CNY7.07)

SINGAPORE (ICIS)–Japanese producers Idemitsu Kosan and Mitsui Chemicals on Wednesday said that they are moving to the front-end engineering and design (FEED) stage of a plan to consolidate their ethylene facilities in Chiba into a single unit. The two companies have completed the feasibility study for the project announced in late March, they said in a statement. Under the plan, Idemitsu’s 413,000 tonne/year ethylene facility in Chiba will be closed, with operations to be combined with Mitsui’s plant. Mitsui Chemicals has a bigger cracker with an ethylene capacity of 612,000 tonnes/year at the site. The two companies plan to complete the consolidation project by fiscal year 2027, which ends on 31 March 2028. The two plants are operated by their 50:50 joint venture company Chiba Chemicals, which was established in 2010. “The feasibility study examined the impact of consolidating the ethylene facilities on feedstock procurement, as well as on the production and supply setup for the products involved,” they said. “As the two companies reached the conclusion that consolidation will be feasible, they have agreed to move on to the FEED phase.” The FEED phase typically involves scrutinizing a project’s challenges, risks, costs and the like in greater detail, and determining the basic specifications of the plant.

SINGAPORE (ICIS)–China’s petrochemical futures tumbled on Wednesday morning as a lack of further economic stimulus measures from the government left investors worrying about demand. At the end of the morning session, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), purified terephthalic acid (PTA) and paraxylene (PX) futures led the slump, with losses ranging from 2.4-3.5%. Market sentiment was also weighed down by crude oil’s plunge overnight, in which both Brent and WTI benchmarks shed more than $3/bbl. In physical markets, spot transactions were sluggish at most petrochemicals, including acetone, butadiene, acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, upon resumption of trade due to weak demand. China had a week-long National Day holiday on 1-7 October. Futures market gains in the previous session lost steam as market hopes for additional economic measures did not materialize. In a briefing on 8 October, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) – China’s top economic planner – provided no details on how to execute the aggressive measures announced in late September. Market players were initially expecting the government to adopt further fiscal measures to arrest the slowdown of the world’s second-biggest economy. ($1 = CNY7.07)

HOUSTON (ICIS)–The proposed spinoff of Mexican polyester producer Alpek has reached a key milestone, with corporate parent Alfa saying on Tuesday that it has solicited consents from more than 90% of the holders of a batch of senior notes. Alfa needed consents to amend some covenants and provisions that would allow it to spin off Alpek, it said. Alfa did not provide a timeline for the spinoff. Alfa has been discussing the possible spinoff for months. Alfa was once a large conglomerate that owned Alpek, Nemak (aluminum and auto parts), Sigma (refrigerated foods), Alestra (IT and communications) and Newpek (natural gas and hydrocarbons). If Alfa completes the spinoff, it would be left with Sigma. Alpek produces polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and recycled PET (rPET) as well as polypropylene (PP) through its Indelpro joint venture with LyondellBasell and expandable polystyrene (EPS) through Styropek.

HOUSTON (ICIS)–Ports along Florida’s Gulf Coast are closed to vessel traffic as Milton approaches the state’s fertilizer hub in Tampa as a Category 4 hurricane. Port Tampa Bay and the nearby SeaPort Manatee have set Port Condition Zulu, which means that they are shut down to inbound and outbound vessel traffic. The following table shows the conditions of some of the ports in Florida. Port Status Condition SeaPort Manatee Closed Zulu Port Tampa Bay Closed Zulu PortMiami Open Yankee Port Everglades Open Yankee Port of Palm Beach Open Yankee Fort Pierce Open Yankee Port Canaveral Open Yankee Jaxport Open Yankee Port of Fernandina Open Yankee Source: Ports, US Coast Guard LANDFALL ON WEDNESDAYMilton is expected to make landfall on Wednesday near Tampa, Florida, after weakening to a Category 3 hurricane, according to the meteorological firm AccuWeather. Milton will remain a major hurricane when it makes landfall, with maximum sustained wind speeds of 111-129 miles/hour (178-208 km/hour). The following map shows the expected path of Milton Source: National Hurricane Center IMPACT ON FERTILIZERS, PHOSPHATES, CHEMSFor chemicals, there is some epoxy resin, phenolic resin and unsaturated polyester resin production in Lakeland and Kathleen, Florida. Both are near Tampa. Milton will make landfall far from Pensacola, Florida, which has plants that make nylon and thermoset resins. Tampa is an important hub for the US fertilizer industry, hosting corporate offices, trading, product storage, shipping and other logistical operations. Fertilizer producer Mosaic has its headquarters in Tampa. The company has not issued any statements regarding its corporate operations. A source at the fertilizer company Yara said it was shutting down its Tampa offices to comply with the evacuation orders. Near Tampa is Florida’s phosphate mining operations in Bone Valley, which covers parts of Hardee, Hillsborough, Manatee and Polk counties. In all, Florida has 27 phosphate mines, of which nine are active, according to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Canadian fertilizer producer Nutrien has yet to restart its White Springs phosphate operations following Helene, an earlier hurricane that made landfall farther north in Florida’s Big Bend region. On 30 September, Mosaic said its Riverview operations were offline following water intrusion from a storm surge caused by Hurricane Helene. RAIL CONTINUES RUNNINGOn 7 October, CSX said it is maintaining normal operations at its yards and terminals. Meanwhile, the railroad company is putting its safety protocols in place. Also on 7 October, Norfolk Southern warned customers to prepare for delays if they have shipments moving through the southeastern US. RECONSTRUCTION FOLLOWING MILTONHurricane Milton could be extremely destructive because of its winds, rainfall and storm surge. It will pass over the following metropolitan statistical areas. Region Population Tampa 3,342,963 Orlando 2,817,933 Jacksonville 1,713,240 Sarasota 910,108 Source: US Census Bureau Tampa and Sarasota could suffer storm surges of 10-15 feet (3.0-4.6 meters), according to the National Hurricane Center. Storm surges of 3-5 feet could hit the areas from Port Canaveral northwards, including Jacksonville, Florida. AccuWeather warned that the hardest hit areas could have storm surges of 23 feet. “We are very concerned that Hurricane Milton could become one of the most damaging and costliest storms that Florida has ever seen,” said Jon Porter, AccuWeather chief meteorologist. “Our forecast for 120 miles per hour to 140 miles per hour wind gusts will result in significant destruction. We expect roofs to fail, as well as long-lasting and widespread power outages. These damaging winds will push inland right along the Interstate 4 corridor,” For hurricanes in general, reconstruction can translate to increased demand for many chemicals and polymers. The white pigment titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used in paints. Solvents used in paints and coatings include butyl acetate (butac), butyl acrylate (butyl-A), ethyl acetate (etac), glycol ethers, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and isopropanol (IPA). Blends of aliphatic and aromatic solvents are also used to make paints and coatings. For polymers, expandable polystyrene (EPS) and polyurethane (PU) foam are used in insulation. Polyurethanes are made of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and polyols. High density polyethylene (HDPE) is used in pipe. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used to make cladding, window frames, wires and cables, flooring and roofing membranes. Unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) are used to make coatings and composites. Vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) is used to make paints and adhesives. POTENTIAL FOR DISRUPTION TO GULF OILHurricane Helene disrupted US oil and gas production in the Gulf of Mexico even though it passed through the eastern portion of the body of water. Hurricane Milton could have the same potential as it approaches the US. Additional reporting by Mark Milam Thumbnail shows Hurricane Milton. Image by National Hurricane Center.

LONDON (ICIS)–Covestro will have invested around €100 million in its research and development (R&D) infrastructure and assets over the three years to 2025, the high-performance materials producer said on Tuesday. The investments include ‘direct coating’ technology for the automotive sector, and high-performance computers which can simulate chemical processes to develop recycling capability. Covestro has also enhanced its infrastructure and global sites in Leverkusen, Germany, Pittsburgh in the US and Shanghai in China. “Our investments in R&D are integral to our strategy of creating value for our customers. They are enabling us to expand and maintain our innovation pipeline at a high level,” said Sucheta Govil, Covestro chief commercial officer. Last week, Abu Dhabi state oil and petrochemicals player ADNOC launched a public takeover offer for Covestro, representing an equity value of €11.7 billion.

HOUSTON (ICIS)–Corn harvest has reached 30% while soybeans are at 47% completed, according to the latest US Department of Agriculture (USDA) weekly crop progress report. The current rate of the corn harvest is just behind the 31% level achieved in 2023 but is ahead of the five-year average of 27%. Texas continues to be the leading state with 95% of it corn crop harvested, followed by North Carolina and Tennessee at 80%. There is 87% of the crop rated mature, which is equal to the 87% from last season and above the five-year average of 81%. For corn conditions there is 5% viewed as very poor, 8% still as poor and 23% as fair. There is 49% listed as good with 15% as excellent. Soybeans dropping leaves is now at 90% but this slightly behind the 91% from last season but is above the five-year average of 85%. Harvesting of the soybean crop has climbed to 47%, which is ahead of 37% mark from 2023 as well as the five-year average of 34%. Louisiana remains the top state for harvesting progress with 77% now completed with Mississippi right behind that level with 76% of their crop finished. For soybean conditions there is still 3% very poor and 8% as poor. There is now 26% fair with 51% good and 12% remaining rated as excellent. In other harvesting updates, there is 26% of the cotton crop finished with sorghum acreage now at 43% completed.