HOUSTON (ICIS)–The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) is forecasting lower beginning and ending corn stocks and left soybean supply and use unchanged in the June World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimate (WASDE) report. For the corn, crop area and yield forecast are unchanged with planted area at 95.3 million acres and yield of 181.0 bushels per acre. The next update on area and yield will come when the USDA releases its acreage report on 30 June. The monthly update stated that beginning corn stocks are down 50 million bushels reflecting a forecast increase in exports for 2024-2025. The agency said exports are raised 50 million bushels, based on reported US Census Bureau shipments through the month of April, inspection data during the month of May, and current outstanding sales. Corn ending stocks are lowered 50 million bushels to 1.8 billion bushels. The season-average farm price is unchanged at $4.20 per bushel. For soybeans the June WASDE had no changes on supply and use. The US season-average soybean price remains forecasted at $10.25 per bushel. The next WASDE report will be released on 11 July.

LONDON (ICIS)–OCI Global has secured US regulatory clearance for the $2.05 billion sale of its methanol business to Methanex, representing the last approval needed for the deal to move forward, the Netherlands-based producer said on Thursday. Methanex had originally agreed to acquire the business in September 2024, encompassing OCI’s Us and European methanol production assets. The deal is expected to close on 27 June, subject to closing conditions, OCI said. Under the definitive agreement with OCI, the $2.05 billion purchase price will consist of $1.15 billion in cash, the issuance of 9.9 million common shares of Methanex valued at $450 million – based on a $45 per share price – and the assumption of $450 million in debt and leases. OCI is expected to become the second largest shareholder in Methanex following the transaction, owning about 13% of its shares. The company’s methanol arm operates a facility in Beaumont, Texas, with annual production capacity of 910,000 tonnes of methanol and 340,000 tonnes of ammonia, as well as s 50% interest in another Beaumont site co-run with Proman. The deal also includes a 1 million tonne/year methanol facility in Delfzijl, Netherlands, currently not in production due to unfavourable natural gas pricing, and OCI’s HyFuels business.

LONDON (ICIS)–After two years of decline, Germany’s GDP could start growing again in 2025, economic research institutes said on Thursday. Although the trade and tariff conflicts are still weighing on export demand, billions of euros of planned government spending on infrastructure and defense would start supporting growth, they said. “Leading indicators support our view that, after two years of contraction, the industrial sector has reached the trough, albeit at a low level,” said Stefan Kooths, head of forecasting at the Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel). The recovery would be largely driven by domestic factors, with private consumption and corporate investment picking up after a two-year drought, he said. IfW Kiel noted that “significantly greater fiscal room” for the new federal government under Chancellor Friedrich Merz should help drive growth. Germany recently amended its constitution to enable more debt-financed spending. IfW Kiel revised its GDP growth forecast for Europe’s largest economy to 0.3% for 2025, from its previous expectation of zero growth, and for 2026 it expects GDP growth of 1.6%. However, it warned that the “erratic” US tariff policy was fueling uncertainty for Germany’s foreign trade. In addition, German exporters were hampered by “significantly reduced competitiveness”, it said. Another institute, ifo Munich, now forecasts 0.3% GDP growth in 2025, up from its earlier 0.2% projection, and it predicts 1.5% growth for 2026, up from its previous 0.8% assessment. After reaching its low point in the winter, Germany’s economy is now set for a “growth spurt”, partly driven by the government fiscal measures, ifo said. However, like IfW Kiel, ifo warned of the risks posed by US trade policies. The US import tariffs already imposed – and assuming they remain at the current level – would impact Germany’s economic growth by 0.1 percentage points in 2025 and 0.3 percentage points in 2026, ifo said. If a US-EU trade agreement is reached, growth in Germany could be higher, whereas an escalation could lead to a renewed recession, ifo said. A third institute, the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), said if the US does not escalate its trade conflicts further, Germany’s GDP could grow by 0.4% in 2025, up from IWH’s previous 0.1% growth forecast. IWH also noted that the slow licensing for exports of rare earths from China has led to a shortage that is threatening production in parts of Germany’s manufacturing industry. In Germany’s chemical industry, producers’ trade group VCI currently expects chemical production (excluding pharmaceuticals) to fall by 2.0% this year. Please also visit US tariffs, policy – impact on chemicals and energy Thumbnail photo of Chancellor Friedrich Merz (Source: Christian Democratic Union party)

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colorado (ICIS)–Chemical companies can find more ways to grow profits beyond cost cutting as they enter another year of slow economic growth in the longest downturn in years. Early in 2025, chemical companies lost faith that economic growth will be strong enough to contribute to profit growth, and that drought could extend into 2026. A five-year global chemical buyer value study conducted by the consultancy Accenture shows areas where chemical companies can wring value out of their operations that go beyond cost-cutting. The study was conducted in December 2024-February 2025. Cost cutting is not off the table. The study found that chemical companies have overestimated their customers’ preferences for some products and services. MULTI-YEAR DOWNTURNThe downturn in the chemical industry started about three years ago after consumers stopped splurging on big-ticket items following the pandemic. Higher inflation caused interest rates to increased, which raised house prices and depressed demand for plastics and chemicals used in construction. Consumers moved less because they could not afford new or existing houses, so that lowered demand for durable goods like furniture and appliances. The war between Russia and Ukraine caused a surge in energy costs. In Europe energy prices never returned to levels before the conflict. Higher costs lowered demand and contributed to de-industrialization in Europe. This year, tariffs and uncertain trade policy from the US have made companies and consumers more reluctant to purchase goods and make investments. The performance of US-listed shares of chemical companies illustrates how difficult these past few years have been for the industry. The following lists Wednesday’s closing prices for the US listed companies followed by ICIS and their 52-week highs. Figures are in dollars/share. Company Price 52 Week High AdvanSix 24.81 33.00 Avient 36.06 54.68 Axalta 30.29 41.66 Braskem 3.75 7.71 Chemours 11.87 25.80 Celanese 58.19 150.31 DuPont 69.40 90.06 Dow 30.68 57.22 Eastman 80.04 114.50 HB Fuller 56.58 87.67 Huntsman 12.04 25.12 Kronos 6.73 14.37 LyondellBasell 61.12 100.46 Methanex 35.05 54.49 NewMarket 667.15 667.15 Olin 21.80 52.17 PPG 113.01 137.24 RPM 115.11 141.79 Stepan 56.53 94.77 Sherwin-Williams 357.13 400.42 Tronox 6.01 20.29 Trinseo 3.39 7.05 Westlake 80.19 156.64 For now, a recession is not in the outlook, but neither is a strong recovery. ICIS expects that US economic growth will slow to 1.5% in 2025 from 2.8% in 2024. Growth in 2026 could be 1.7%. The country has a 34% chance of slipping into a recession in the next 12 months. HOW TO GROW IN A SLOW GROWTH WORLDChemical companies don’t have to wait for the recovery to increase profits, according to the chemical buyer study from Accenture. It found that 36% of chemical customers are willing to pay 5% or more above market price if their needs are fully met, and 43% are willing to buy 10% or more if all of their product and service needs are met, the study said. Chemical companies can increase revenue if they know where to look. The following table shows the top 10 customer needs for 2025, according to the Accenture study. Product Performance Reliable Delivery Quality Technical Support Product Consistency Data Privacy & Cybersecurity Secure & Seamless Transactions Trust Product Innovation Brand Strength Product Offerings Source: Accenture Making high-quality molecules will always be a priority, but chemical companies can do a better job of meeting their customers’ needs by targeting services, Accenture said. Many underestimated needs cited by customers centered around services. The following table lists the top 10 services valued by chemical customers. Reliable delivery Quality technical support Data privacy and cybersecurity Secure and seamless transactions 24/7 access Order flexibility Complaint resolution Easy access to product info. & regulatory support E-commerce Comprehensive product support & expert guidance Source: Accenture New technologies are opening more opportunities for chemical companies to stand out by improving their services. Accenture mentioned the following: AI-based transport management solutions E-commerce platforms for seamless transactions Web portals and large language model-supported platforms for 24/7 access. CUSTOMER NEEDS HAVE EVOLVED SINCE 2020Chemical companies can extract more value by updating their priorities to keep up with the changing demands from their customers. The following table lists the top five needs that customers are underestimated by chemical companies. It compares those needs with Accenture’s list from 2020. 2025 2020 24/7 access Packaging customization Reliable delivery Reliable delivery Product consistency Water conservation Environmental health & safety compliance Complaint resolution Product innovation Digital interfaces & experiences/chatbots Source: Accenture HOW TO CUT THE RIGHT COSTSCompanies may still have some fat they can cut, based on the Accenture study. It showed a gap between what customers want and what chemical companies think they want. The following lists the top five overestimated needs by chemical companies in 2025 and compares them with those in 2020. 2025 2020 Renewable-based products Value-added services Market intelligence Product consistency Product customization Quality technical support Value-added services Product sampling/trails Local/regional supply source Recyclable products Source: Accenture Renewable-based products, which also covers recycled materials, can demand a premium, but it may fall short of what producers need to generate a profit. While 74% of chemical customers are willing to pay more for sustainable products, only 38% are willing to pay a premium of more than 5%, according to Accenture. Only 13% are willing to pay a premium of at least 15%. That is short of the premium of 20% that is likely to be needed to produce sustainable products. HOW CAN CHEMICAL COMPANIES GET ON THE SAME PAGE AS THEIR CUSTOMERSChemical companies have a tendency to focus on innovation even when it does not align with their customers’ needs, because that is the nature of a science-based industry, said Denise Dignam, CEO of Chemours, a US-based producer of pigment and fluoromaterials. She spoke on a panel that discussed the findings of Accenture’s study during the annual meeting held by the American Chemistry Council (ACC). “We are scientists. We like innovation,” she said. Chemical companies need to be mindful that customers value mundane but critical services like supply chain logistics. One strategy to keep customer needs front and center is to rely on front-line sales people, said Alastair Port, executive president of Indorama Ventures: Indovinya. Port cautioned against relying too heavily on point-of-time surveys. Someone who fills out those surveys is providing feedback that is tied to one moment in time. It does not encompass overall satisfaction with the company’s products and services. Ed Sparks, CEO of catalyst producer WR Grace, said technical resources and sales people are the best resources for gauging the actual needs of customers. Their collect data from their interactions with customers, convert it into information that can then become market intelligence. Companies that produce commodity chemicals can find ways to stand out even when their products vary little from their competitors, Port said. Buyers of commodity chemicals vary greatly in size. Smaller ones may not have innovation departments or elaborate purchasing departments. Commodity chemical producers can tailor their services to match the needs of their varied customers. Chemical producers can replicate molecules, but they cannot replicate service, Sparks said. WR Grace’s refining catalyst business has a prominent service component, under which the company helps refiners optimize their operations. “That service component is really hard to replicate,” Sparks said. The ACC Annual Meeting ended on 4 June. Insight article by Al Greenwood Thumbnail shows money. Image by ICIS.

LONDON (ICIS)–UK GDP fell in April following growth the previous month, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) announced on Thursday. Monthly GDP fell by 0.3%, following a 0.2% rise in March, although rose by 0.7% in the three months to April, compared with the three months to January. This followed 0.7% growth in the first quarter. Both the fall in output for April and the wider trend of growth were driven by activity in the services sector, falling 0.4% on the previous month, but rising by 0.6% over the three-month period. Overall production fell by 0.6% in April, driven by a decline in manufacturing, but also rose by 1.1% in the three months to April. This was reflected in output for the chemicals industry, which tracked a 0.13 percentage point (pp) decline for the month, but rose by 0.11pps over the past three months. In contrast, production of rubber and plastics products rose by 0.04pps for both periods. Sentiment has been clouded in the second quarter, due to the possibility of tariffs rolled out from the US. In the wake of US president Donald Trump’s Liberation Day announcement on 2 April, the UK has managed to secure a trade deal with the US, the EU, and other trading partners. The impact of new terms has not yet been felt in the market, and wider global macroeconomic conditions remain unclear.

HOUSTON (ICIS)–Researchers at Colorado State University’s Weather and Climate Research department maintained their prediction of an above-average Atlantic hurricane season, with a probability that 33% of major storms could make landfall in the US Gulf. The CSU team predicts 17 named storms during the Atlantic hurricane season, which began on 1 June and runs through 30 November. Of those 17 storms, researchers forecast nine to become hurricanes and four to reach major hurricane strength of Category 3 or higher. Hurricanes are rated using the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, numbered from 1 to 5, based on a hurricane’s maximum sustained wind speeds, with a Category 5 storm being the strongest. Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale Category Wind speed 1 74-95 miles/hour 2 96-110 miles/hour 3 111-129 miles/hour 4 130-156 miles/hour 5 157+ miles/hour While still very early in the season, researchers said it is showing characteristics as seen in 1996, 1999, 2008, 2011, and 2021. In 1996, there were six major hurricanes, which was the most since 1950, but none entered the US Gulf. In 1999, five storms reached Category 4, with none threatening the US Gulf. Storms in both years made landfall on the US East Coast in North Carolina. Hurricane Ike, one of five major hurricanes in 2008, made landfall in Galveston near the entrance to the Houston Ship Channel, causing chemical plants and refineries in the region to struggle to restart. Hurricane Irene was the only hurricane to make landfall in 2011, striking near Cape Lookout, North Carolina. It was one of seven hurricanes that season, of which four became major hurricanes. In 2021, there were 21 named storms with seven becoming hurricanes, four of which were major storms and several entered the US Gulf. Hurricane Ida was the most destructive, making landfall in Louisiana and leading to many plant shutdowns. The report also includes the following probability of major hurricanes making landfall in 2025: 51% for the entire US coastline (average from 1880–2020 is 43%) 26% for the US East Coast, including the Florida peninsula (average from 1880–2020 is 21%) 33% for the US Gulf Coast from the Florida panhandle westward to Brownsville, Texas (average from 1880–2020 is 27%) 56% for the Caribbean (average from 1880–2020 is 47% Hurricanes directly affect the chemical industry because plants and refineries shut down in preparation for the storms, and they sometimes remain down because of damage. Power outages can last for days or weeks. Hurricanes shut down ports, railroads and highways, which can prevent operating plants from receiving feedstock or shipping out products. Most US petrochemical plants and refineries are on the Gulf Coast states of Texas and Louisiana, making them prone to hurricanes. Other plants and refineries are scattered farther east in the states of Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida – a peninsula that is also a hub for phosphate production and fertilizer logistics. Additional reporting by Al Greenwood

Egypt continues to ramp up LNG imports as it lines up long-term LNG import capacity Tenders could tighten the LNG balance, but Egypt has a pattern of overbuying Egypt is also in ongoing discussions to secure LNG supplies from 2025-2028 LONDON (ICIS)–Egypt is ramping up its demand for LNG imports, with a consequential impact on the global LNG market. Egypt has swung back to being an LNG importer over the last year. It is already seeking a high number of cargoes this year, as well as planning further imports between now and 2028. Following a deal with majors TotalEnergies and Shell earlier this year, its demand may be here to stay. “They initially [tendered for] over 100 cargoes, then it turned out to be 40-60 cargoes,” one source said, while two other sources said around 40 cargoes were awarded. Concerns about the potential market price impact prompted Egypt to lower the number of cargoes it sought in its most recent tender, the source added. With the previous 60 cargoes from TotalEnergies and Shell, total 2025 demand could be around 100-120 cargoes, or around 7.0-8.4 million tonnes of LNG – a significant increase in both volume and pace compared with 2024. This comes as Egypt is in ongoing discussions to buy LNG supplies from 2025 to 2028, sources said, with one saying that state-owned EGAS has received 14 offers for supply ranging from 18 months to three years. The cargoes in the latest 40-60 cargo tender were heard awarded to Vitol, Shell, Hartree, Aramco and “a few others” at a premium of around $0.70/MMBtu to the benchmark TTF. The premium reflects the country’s credit risk and a nine-month deferred payment profile, one trader said, which is longer than the six-month deferred payment scheme seen in previous Egyptian tenders. “For Egypt, buyers need FOB cargoes, so there is a natural premium to be paid in exchange for losing flexibility,” a second trader said. TIGHTER COMPETITION Egyptian demand is expected to peak in summer, when gas-for-power demand is higher due to higher cooling needs. “Total Egyptian demand this year is estimated to be 110 cargoes,” one trader said, which would equate to around 7.7 million tonnes of LNG. Another trader said that spot LNG discounts into northwest Europe could narrow further following the Egyptian tender. “I think the [Egyptian tender] will make the market tighter than expected. I expect the discounts in Europe to narrow,” the trader said. A third trader said European LNG spot discounts for July-August deliveries had already narrowed slightly off the back of the Egyptian and Argentinean buy tenders, although further feedback this week suggests discounts are so far stable. The global LNG market is expected to face a shortfall of 2.1 million tonnes over the summer, according to ICIS LNG Foresight, while 2025 as a whole is projected to be oversupplied by 3 million tonnes. However, according to traders, it is challenging to say if the Egyptian tenders have been fully priced into the market due to Egypt’s option to push back or divert cargoes, potentially easing the call on LNG. Some contracted cargoes for Q4 2024 were pushed back to Q1 2025 or diverted due to lower-than-anticipated demand. “I am thinking that maybe their pattern is always to overbuy. If no prompt demand, they will defer [the cargoes],” one source said. Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi recently directed the government to “pre-emptively take whatever needs necessary to ensure stable electricity flow”. One report said that Egypt is negotiating to import 160 shipments through June 2026, which would represent another step up in imports from the current pace and increase. This comes as Egypt has also stepped up imports of cheaper energy, securing one million tonnes of fuel oil for delivery in May and June to restart its legacy power stations over the summer. Ultimately, spot LNG demand versus supply will be key in determining competitiveness between hubs in the short term. Asian demand has been low this year, especially Chinese demand, with sufficient pipeline gas in China denting downstream LNG demand. LONG-TERM LNG IMPORT CAPACITY Cairo’s latest moves to secure long-term import capacity provide further evidence that it sees domestic gas output remaining at low levels for the foreseeable future. ICIS senior LNG analyst Alex Froley said that Egypt’s flip from a mid-sized exporter to a significant importer has happened quickly. “Even those expecting an increase in imports would have been unlikely to factor in the country hiring as many as four FSRUs in a short space of time,” he said. The Energos Eskimo FSRU recently departed Jordan’s Aqaba terminal as it prepares to begin a new 10-year charter with Egypt’s EGAS, ICIS data shows. The unit is expected to undergo some modifications before starting operations later this summer, one broker said. Energos Eskimo will join the existing Hoegh Galleon FSRU off Egypt, while the Energos Power FSRU and a BOTAS-chartered FSRU are also expected to be deployed soon. FUNDING GAP NARROWS Traders have questioned how Egypt can afford the number of tendered LNG cargoes, given its reliance on Saudi Arabia and Libya to pay for previous cargoes. This financial challenge, compounded by years of sluggish growth, is reflected in the consistent premiums that Egypt has had to pay in its LNG buy tenders. However, local urea producers have ramped up output and exports again in early June, an important source of foreign exchange, following periods of gas shortages. Egypt has also taken further steps to cover part of its funding gap, securing a $1.2 billion disbursement from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in January. In May, the European Parliament reached a provisional agreement to provide €4 billion in macro-financial assistance to Egypt. Together with the IMF programme for the 2024-2027 period, the assistance would help Egypt cover “part of its external funding gap”, the Parliament said. Additional reporting by Clare Pennington

SINGAPORE (ICIS)–ADNOC Logistics & Services (ADNOC L&S) on Wednesday said that it has entered into a $531-million strategic partnership with polyolefins major Borouge to boost UAE’s production and export of petrochemicals. As part of the partnership, Borouge has awarded ADNOC L&S a 15-year contract to manage logistics on up to 70% of its annual production, “which will increase significantly following the completion of the Borouge 4 plant expansion”, ADNOC L&S said in a filing on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange (ADX). ADNOC L&S is a unit of Abu Dhabi National Oil Co (ADNOC), which holds a 54% stake in Borouge. Borouge operates an integrated polyolefin complex at Al Ruwais Industrial City in Abu Dhabi. “As Borouge plans to ramp up production capacity by 1.4 million tonnes/year by the end of 2026 through its Borouge 4 mega project, Borouge will become the world’s largest single-site polyolefin complex,” it said. The agreement covers port management, container handling, and feeder container ship services for the Borouge container terminal in Al Ruwais Industrial City. ADNOC L&S will deploy a minimum of two dedicated container feeder ships to transport Borouge’s products from Al Ruwais to the deepwater ports of Jebel Ali in Dubai and Khalifa Port in Abu Dhabi. “The mutually beneficial service agreement will deliver a minimum guaranteed value of $531m, supporting the next phase of Borouge’s accelerated growth plans, driving operational cost savings over the full contract term,” it said. The deal could lead to more than $50 million in cost savings and efficiencies for Borouge in the first five years alone enhancing the company’s supply chain network, the company added. ADNOC L&S’ integrated logistics capabilities include managing container terminal operations, feeder services, and logistics solutions to meet increasing global demand. Borouge is involved in an upcoming merger with Austria’s Borealis and Canadian producer Nova Chemicals which is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2026.

MUMBAI (ICIS)–India is currently planning green hydrogen initiatives worth around Indian rupees (Rs) 2 trillion ($23 billion), which include tenders for 42,000 tonne/year green hydrogen production by domestic oil refineries. Indian Oil eyes Dec ’27 start-up for 10,000 tonne/year Panipat hydrogen unit Two green ammonia projects start construction in Odisha Pilot projects initiated for hydrogen-powered heavy vehicles “Tenders for the production of 42,000 tonne/year have been floated by the refineries while 128 more will be issued by state-owned refineries based on the outcome of those tenders,” Indian petroleum and natural gas minister Hardeep Singh Puri had said in a post on social media platform X on 6 June. As part of the initiative, nine research and development (R&D) or demo plants are under construction and four have been commissioned by state-owned Indian Oil Corp (IOC), Gail India Ltd, Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd (HPCL), and Bharat Petroleum Corp Ltd (BPCL), he added. IOC, which is currently building India’s largest green hydrogen plant with a 10,000 tonne/year capacity at its Panipat Refinery Complex, expects to begin operations at the plant by December 2027, the company had said on 30 May. Once operational, the plant will “replace fossil-derived hydrogen in refinery operations, resulting in substantial reduction in carbon emissions”, IOC added. Separately, construction work has begun on two green hydrogen and green ammonia projects at the Gopalpur industrial park in the eastern Odisha state. Hygenco Green Energies Ltd plans to invest Rs40 billion to build a 1.1 million tonne/year green ammonia plant at Gopalpur in three phases. It expects to complete the first phase by 2027. UAE-based Ocior Energy, meanwhile, is building a 1 million tonne/year green hydrogen and green ammonia plant at the Gopalpur industrial park at a cost of Rs72 billion, Odisha’s state government announced. A 200,000 tonne/year plant will be built in the first phase of operations by 2028, and a much bigger 800,000 tonne/year unit will be completed by 2030 in the eastern Indian state, according to Ocior’s website. The Gopalpur Industrial Park will also house the ACME Green Hydrogen’s green ammonia project, as well as a 1,500 tonne/day green ammonia project being set up by the Avaada Group. Separately, in a bid to grow India’s green hydrogen infrastructure, the central government also aims to decarbonize its transport sector through the introduction of hydrogen-powered trucks and buses. The government expects to commission five pilot projects for running these hydrogen-powered vehicles by 2027, according to National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) director Abhay Bakre. In March 2025, the government initiated these pilot projects with participation from private firms such as Tata Motors, Ashok Leyland, Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) as well as state-owned IOC, HPCL and BPCL, among others. As part of the project, the pilot routes have been mapped out on 10 routes across the country with nine hydrogen refuelling stations. The government plans to deploy around 1,000 hydrogen-powered trucks and buses by 2030, NGHM’s Bakre said. The government expects to get “almost 50 trucks and buses running this year”, he said, adding that the numbers would increase further next year. While automakers such as Tata Motors, Ashok Leyland, Mahindra & Mahindra, Hyundai have announced plans to develop hydrogen-powered vehicles, companies such as RIL, BPCL, IOC plan to create green hydrogen refuelling infrastructure. Launched in 2023, NGHM with an initial allocation of $2.4 billion, targets to have a minimum hydrogen production capacity of 5 million tonne/year by 2030. Since 2023, the government has allocated 862,000 tonne/year production capacity to 19 companies. ($1 = Rs85.60) Focus article by Priya Jestin