Mixed plastic waste and pyrolysis oil

SAO PAULO (ICIS)–Mexico’s chemicals sector is ready to potentially invest $50 billion in the next decade if key challenges are addressed, including performance at state-owned energy major Pemex, according to the president of trade group ANIQ. Jose Carlos Pons, who is also the CFO of Mexican chemicals producer Alpek, said ANIQ is in constant contact with the Mexican government about potential projects private companies and Pemex could jointly implement, some of them related Pemex assets in petrochemicals which are idled or running at low capacities. Pons, who was appointed ANIQ's president in May, said that the $50 billion in investments would mean the chemicals industry could double its contribution to GDP from 2% to 4.5%. He said ANIQ is in contact with the ministries of energy and economy (Secretaria de Energia and Secretaria de Economia, respectively) about these plans. The two ministries, as well as Pemex, had not responded to a request for comment at the time of writing. IT IS (ALMOST) ALL ABOUT PEMEX Pemex, which is the largest and key supplier of raw materials to the Mexican chemicals industry, has for years suffered performance problems, with output dwindling below 2 million barrels/day, despite targets to surpass that threshold, and having become the most indebted oil major with obligations of around $100 billion. However, ANIQ puts many hopes in the new administration under Claudia Sheinbaum and in what it sees as an honest intention to turn around Pemex, adding that the trade group wants to go “hand in hand” with the government to spur the investments in petrochemicals. The cabinet has announced plans to cut costs at the major as well as petrochemicals and fertilizers expansions at the company. However, potential and ambitious investment plans – both from Pemex itself and private companies – hinge on several critical factors. “If we were able to turn Pemex around, by improving its supply of key raw materials; if we were able to work on the energy side and achieve competitiveness; if we were able to create the infrastructure so that we wouldn't depend so much on imports; and if we simplified our country's administration, then there could undoubtedly be that potential [of $50 billion chemicals investments],” said Pons. Out of those $50 billion, Pons said that around two-thirds would go primarily to maintenance investments to improve Pemex's petrochemicals operational capacity. "Today, we have a great opportunity for Pemex to operate its plants at greater capacity, and the way to achieve that goal would be to give the plants operational reliability. Ensuring that the different parts of each of the plants have operational reliability will ultimately increase the output of those plants," she said. "Pemex has now an interesting opportunity. Throughout all the areas where it operates, without a doubt, this administration and the previous one have dedicated resources to turning it around. It's very important to us that they're doing this." Efforts to turn around Pemex, however, have so far failed. The previous administration by Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador started its tenure with a target for output to surpass 2 million barrels/day target, which it finally ditched. Some analysts have said Pemex’s woes are too deep and make the company’s survival very difficult. Others, however, think the major is ‘too big to fail’, and therefore will continue to be bailed out by the Treasury as it has been the case for years. "Pemex is very important to us, so we don’t even want to consider a Pemex that fails. Today, it provides us with gas, with many raw materials. The situation is complex, and the fact that it is among the priorities reflects the government's intentions. But these huge titans take time, but with the right investments and decisions [it can happen],” said Pons. “That's why we want to work hand in hand with the government. The project is so large that we all need to get involved. What we want is to tell them and indicate what we think the priorities are and where we want to help them." Pons said ANIQ has established working groups with both the Ministry of Energy and Ministry of Economy to advance these objectives, with regular conversations. "We want to understand in greater detail what the government's expectations are and under what conditions they are expecting them to happen,” said Pons. “Without a doubt, for the private sector to invest, there must be a certain economic logic, whether it's guaranteed supply contracts with priority or a preferential price, so that the investment is paid for." There would also be other, country-wide challenges to be addressed, however. Pons mentioned for the chemicals investment plans to succeed there would be a need to improve other key energy supplies such as electricity, water and natural gas. And yet another added challenge for Mexico: infrastructure. Pons mentioned ANIQ is optimistic about the government’s Plan Mexico, ambitious measures touching nearly all aspects of the economy with the target of putting Mexico among the world’s 10 largest economies. It is now considered to be placed between the 12th and 15th world economic ranking – depending on source and its methodology to calculate GDP. FRIENDLY LOBBYINGPons was pressed about the rather friendly lobbing ANIQ is currently exercising when it comes to the policies of Sheinbaum, who has implemented reforms ‘Corporate Mexico’ is not happy about, such as a judicial reform which has raised alarm bells about the damage it could cause to the state of law, therefore to corporate law. But he would not expand much about those issues, because he said ANIQ is right now focused on helping bring about the abovementioned investment plans, and the trade group has opted for that tone rather the festy lobbying tone other trade groups can use. “What we want most is to work together with the government. What I truly want in my tenure as president is very important to me: for the government to understand that we must work together and that we believe Plan Mexico is truly something important,” said Pons. “So, rather than creating an enemy in the government, what I want to work on is to work hand in hand with them and for them to understand that this won't work if we don't work together. We'll do it when necessary [a more robust lobbying], but right now what I want most is to reach out to the government, for them to understand that we're going to work together.” ICIS will publish on Monday (9 June) the second part of this interview, with ANIQ president's take on the US shift in trade policy and the role of China in the global economy Front page picture: Facilities operated by Mexico's polyethylene (PE) producer Braskem Idesa  Source: ICIS Interview article by Jonathan Lopez

06-Jun-2025

SINGAPORE (ICIS)–Malaysian state energy giant PETRONAS is shedding 10% of its workforce by the end of the year to navigate challenging operating conditions, primarily driven by falling crude prices. Some 5,000 staff to be affected by the ongoing "right-sizing" process will be notified by the end of this year, PETRONAS president and CEO Tengku Muhammad Taufik Tengku Aziz was quoted as saying by state media Bernama. The company chief held a press briefing in Kuala Lumpur on 5 June to make the announcement. "PETRONAS 2.0 will be run differently, organized differently, will have different work processes, and to move towards that, we will have to correct the work process," he said. The company did not immediately respond to ICIS’ queries on the job cuts. PETRONAS aims for a lean and nimble operation, even if oil prices were to reach $100 per barrel, Muhammad Taufik said. "There is a logic, an assumption set, and a projection that backs it up. Over time, we have seen this—those who have tracked our history will know that when the fields were easier, our profit before tax margin was around 35 to 40 per cent," he said. "Today, it is [between] 25% and 38%. These margins are going to shrink further … So the value-added (PETRONAS) 2.0 has to transform into an organization that monetizes molecules commercially and competitively, not just at home, but also abroad," he said. In 2024, PETRONAS reported a 32% year-on-year decline in its after-tax profit to Malaysian ringgit (M$) 55.1 billion ($13 billion), as revenue fell by 7% due to lower average realized prices. Its petrochemicals arm – PETRONAS Chemicals Group – had a 30.7% slump in net profit over the same period to M$1.18 billion, despite a 7% increase in sales to M$30.7 billion. PETRONAS' budget is predicated on Brent crude trading between $75/barrel and $80/barrel. Currently, the crude benchmark is hovering near $65/barrel, marking a roughly 13% decrease year on year, influenced by global trade tensions and increased output by OPEC and its allies (OPEC+). ($1 = M$4.23) Thumbnail image: PETRONAS Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – 15 March 2025 (Md Rafayat Haque Khan/ZUMA Press Wire/Shutterstock)

06-Jun-2025

LONDON (ICIS)–Senior Editor for Recycling, Matt Tudball, discusses the latest developments in the European recycled polyethylene terephthalate (R-PET) market, including: Majority of June deals heard so far rollover from May UK flake talks on going Some signs of lower interest for colourless flake EU Commission's DG Environment confirms only EU-origin waste currently suitable for Single Use Plastics Directive 25% target

05-Jun-2025

MUMBAI (ICIS)–Indian specialty chemicals producer Black Rose Industries and Japan's Koei Chemical are conducting a joint feasibility study on building a specialty amines project in India. As part of the project, Black Rose will set up manufacturing facilities for the amine products while Koei Chemical will provide its proprietary technology for the production facilities, the company said in a bourse filing on 30 May. “The parties are expecting to enter into definitive agreements and will proceed with the construction and installation of plant facilities once the overall feasibility is established,” it added. Black Rose plans to set up the amine manufacturing facility at its chemicals complex at Jhagadia in the western Gujarat state, a company source said, but did not provide information regarding the product mix at the new plant or the project cost. “We are excited to enter the field of specialty amines which play an important role for the future growth of the chemical industry in India,” Black Rose chairman Anup Jatia said. Black Rose currently operates acrylamide and polyacrylamide plants at its Jhagadia complex. Acrylamide is used in the production of polymers, wastewater treatment, and food processing while polyacrylamide is used in pulp and paper production, agriculture, food processing, mining, among others.

05-Jun-2025

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colorado (ICIS)–Uncertainty surrounding tariffs is tempering what could be a recovery in US demand for polypropylene (PP), executives at Braskem said on Wednesday. Uncertainty about the final makeup of tariffs and their effects on end markets have caused consumers and companies to delay purchases, said Alexandre Elias, vice president, PP, North America and Europe, Braskem. Elias made his comments in an interview with ICIS on the sidelines of the annual meeting of the American Chemistry Council (ACC). Companies are reluctant to build inventories and make investments – especially industrial PP customers that have long investment cycles, Elias said. TARIFFS HAVE COUNTERVAILING EFFECTS ON AUTOAutomobiles are one of the main end markets for PP, and the tariffs have had mixed effects on production, contributing to the uncertainty of PP demand from the sector. The US has imposed tariffs on imports of automobiles and auto parts, which could ultimately stimulate local production and PP demand. Prior to those tariffs, consumers splurged on automobiles to beat the tariffs. All of that pre-buying lowered inventories of US autos, said Bill Diebold, vice president – commercial, Braskem America, polyolefins. US producers will ultimately replenish those inventories, which will further increase auto output and PP demand. On the other hand, consumer confidence has fallen after the introduction of the tariffs and that tends to slow demand growth for automobiles and other durable goods that are made with PP. Chinese restrictions on shipments of rare earth magnets could cause some automobile companies to shut down production within weeks if they cannot find workarounds, according to an article from the Wall Street Journal, a business publication. The US recently increased its tariffs on imports of steel and aluminium to 50% from 25%, which would increase production costs for US automobiles and potentially make them less affordable. The future of the tariffs themselves is uncertain because the US frequently changes the rates. It could impose new tariffs, and the courts could rule that the US lacks authority to impose them under a key provision. The interactions of all of these variables make it difficult to forecast PP demand from the US automobile industry, Elias said. PP DEMAND REMAINS FLAT YEAR ON YEARIn the US, PP demand is up in Q2 versus Q1 but flat year on year, Diebold said. Similarly demand improved in Q1 versus Q4, the latter of which was a challenging time for the US market, Diebold said. Packaging, another major end market for PP, remains strong. PP is enjoying a boost from a wave of product substitutions, Elias said. Over the years, many polystyrene (PS) processors have switched to PP because of its price. Many of those substitutions have played out, but a smaller wave is now taking place. That said, uncertainty could be capping the potential of product substitutions from other processors. LPG RESTRICTIONS TO CHINA COULD ALTER PP TRADE FLOWSGlobal trade flows of PP could change significantly if the US restricts exports of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) to China. China relies heavily on US LPG shipments to provide feedstock for its large fleet of propane dehydrogenation (PDH) units, which produce on-purpose propylene. The US already has imposed restrictions on exports of ethane to China, which would disrupt a few ethane crackers in the country. If trade tensions rise, it could expand the restrictions to cover LPG. Global markets got a taste of the ramifications of restricted LPG shipments earlier this year when China increased tariffs on US imports by triple digits. Had China maintained those increases, Chinese propylene production would likely fall, according to ICIS. China could still procure LPG from exporters from other parts of the world, but that would increase costs and make some production uncompetitive. Lower Chinese propylene production would have a cascading effect. It could lower domestic production of PP and cut down on Chinese exports to other parts of Asia. That, in turn, could allow domestic Asian producers to sell more material locally, allowing them to be less aggressive about exporting PP, Elias said. "This could have a significant impact on trade flows globally," Elias said. In fact, restrictions on US LPG shipments to China would likely have a bigger effect on PP trade flows then actual tariffs on the resin. So far, the introduction of US tariffs has had little direct effect on US PP, because the market is relatively balanced. In 2023 and 2024, apparent consumption was about 85% of total production in the US, according to the ICIS Supply and Demand Database. Braskem does have an option to export PP from a terminal in Charleston, South Carolina, but this terminal functions more as a way to take advantage of arbitrage opportunities and leverage its PP plants in North America, Elias said. As an option, it has worked well. LITTLE NEED FOR NEW PROPYLENE CAPACITYBraskem relies on third parties for propylene for its PP plants in the US. So far, there is no need for Braskem to build its own propylene capacity, Elias said. The US is long in propylene, as illustrated by the global competitiveness of its exports, he said While Braskem has relied on propylene imports from Canada, trade tensions between it and the US have eased. Were trade tensions to resume and cause an increase in tariffs, Braskem could manage around it, Elias said. The ACC Annual Meeting runs through Wednesday. Focus article by Al Greenwood Thumbnail shows a product made with PP. Image by Shutterstock.

04-Jun-2025

LONDON (ICIS)–The European Commission has confirmed to ICIS that only recycled polyethylene terephthalate (R-PET) produced using plastic waste in the EU can currently count towards the 25% recycled content target set out under the Single Use Plastics Directive (SUPD). In an email to ICIS, a spokesperson for the Directorate-General for Environment (DG-ENV) stated that the 25% target laid out in the SUPD can ‘only be achieved using post-consumer plastic waste generated from plastic products that have been placed on the EU market’. This expands on Point 4 of Implementing Decision 2023/2683 having regard to Directive (EU) 2019/904 (the SUPD), which states: 'Post-consumer plastic waste needs to be understood as waste generated from plastic products that have been placed on the market.'  The confirmation from the Commission clarifies what many R-PET market participants had already assumed – but not necessarily confirmed – that the 25% target can only be reached by using waste that has come from within the EU. It therefore rules out the use of plastic waste or material produced from plastic waste that has been placed on a market outside the EU. FUTURE CHANGESThe Commission confirmed that it is currently preparing an implementing act, planned for Q4 2025, that will extend the calculation, verification and reporting methodology to cover all recycling technologies, including chemical recycling. This will repeal and replace the existing act and contains a broader definition of ‘recycled plastic’ which will be the same as the Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR) and will cover recyclates ‘stemming from post-consumer plastic waste generated from plastic products that have been placed on markets outside of the EU’. Article 7 of the PPWR sets out the 30% recycled content target for PET bottles by 2030, in which paragraph 3(a), among other things, states that recycled content shall be recovered from post-consumer plastic waste that: “…has been collected within the Union pursuant to this Regulation or the national rules transposing Directives 2008/98/EC and (EU) 2019/904, as relevant, or that has been collected in a third country in accordance with standards for separate collection to promote high-quality recycling equivalent to those referred to in this Regulation and Directives 2008/98/EC and (EU) 2019/904, as relevant.” R-PET market participants have welcomed the clarification although there are concerns that bringing the SUPD in line with the PPWR – in terms of allowing recycled produced from waste placed on markets outside of the EU – will open up the European market to cheaper imports of recycled material. The Commission is currently drafting the methodology for calculation and verification of the PPWR’s recycled content targets due in December 2026.

04-Jun-2025

SINGAPORE (ICIS)–Click here to see the latest blog post on Asian Chemical Connections by John Richardson. Is the petrochemicals industry really a free market? Or have we been telling ourselves a comforting fiction? As we sift through margins, P&Ls, and operating rates to predict a recovery, we might be asking the wrong questions. Let’s rewind to 2014. While China’s state media signalled a major push toward self-sufficiency in petrochemicals, many Western analysts dismissed it — seeing China through the lens of profit maximisation. But I was told way back in 2000 that China’s strategy had just as much to do with jobs and economic value creation as with profits. Fast forward to today: polyester fibres, , polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film and bottle grade resins, purified terephthalic acid (PTA), styrene and polypropylene (PP),— China is nearly or completely self-sufficient in these markets. The drivers? National security, supply certainty, and industrial policy. And it’s not just China. Middle East investments — underpinned by cheap feedstocks, state ownership, and now oil demand substitution — follow similar, non-market logic. If key players haven’t been led by market signals alone, what happens next? Despite the deepest downturn in petrochemical history — likely to stretch into 2028 — new capacities keep rising. Not from those chasing short-term profit, but from those with long-term, state-backed agendas. Just a modest rise in China’s PP operating rates above the ICIS base case assumption could flip China into being a net exporter by 2027. The trade war may play a role here, as it has increased supply security concerns. True, there are more private petrochemical companies in China than ten years ago. But this latest wave of investment is more state-owned-enterprise-led than the previous one. And private companies can also benefit from local and central government support Saudi investments in refinery-to-petrochemicals will persist. More ethane crackers in the Middle East will be built. China’s plant-build costs are often 50%+ lower than the U.S., thanks to relentless innovation support. So… what does this mean for producers operating on pure market terms? Can they survive, let alone thrive, in a landscape shaped by strategic ambition rather than shareholder return? Your thoughts are welcome. Let’s start the conversation. Editor’s note: This blog post is an opinion piece. The views expressed are those of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of ICIS.

04-Jun-2025

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colorado (ICIS)–US-based chemical distributor Univar Solutions has better positioned itself for growth and resilience with a sharper focus on key industries, said the head of its Ingredients + Specialties (I+S) business. More than a decade earlier when the specialties business was underperforming, Univar undertook a major shift in strategy by setting up four focus industries – food ingredients, pharmaceuticals, coatings and beauty care – to run them as standalone business units, recalled Nick Powell, CEO of Global I+S. “Everybody in each of those business units, that's all they did – focus on those industries. Prior to that, any seller, product manager or technical person may have served an oil refinery in the morning, and in the afternoon a food customer – no differentiation, no ability to sell our value,” said Powell in an interview with ICIS. Powell spoke to ICIS on the sidelines of the American Chemistry Council (ACC) Annual Meeting) This new business model worked well in Europe where Powell led the changes, and was then replicated in the Americas and Asia-Pacific but with different leadership for each region, he said. Then Univar CEO David Jukes, who assumed the role in 2019, decided to globalize all of the distributor’s businesses into six focus industries – each of them under a single leader, said Powell. SIX FOCUS INDUSTRIESThese six focus industries now fall under two segments. The I+S division now has three focus industries – CARE (beauty & personal care, homecare & industrial cleaning), Health & Nutrition (food ingredients, pharmaceutical ingredients) and Performance Materials (coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers (CASE), lubricants and metalworking). The Chemical Distribution & Services (CD&S) division also has three focus industries – General Industrial, Refining & Chemical Processing, and Service Solutions. Univar’s online platform ChemPoint is its third division, focused on demand creation and multi-channel digital marketing campaigns for a wide range of chemicals and ingredients. “In essence, we’re able to adjust to the very specific needs of suppliers who are producing products that go into those spaces, or our customers who want to be treated differently, depending on their market,” said Powell. And in each of the focus businesses, Univar has specialists that can connect the value the supplier has in its product portfolio to the value it can generate for a customer, typically by helping solve a technical problem or producing a new product from its globalized network of laboratories that goes to market, he pointed out. The strategy has been “extremely successful” for Univar, allowing it to outperform its peers, he noted. GLOBALIZATION AND CUSTOMER WINSWith the globalization of the focus industries, Univar is able to provide suppliers the same type and level of service in any region, adding local nuance when appropriate, said the executive. “That gives them confidence that we can deliver for them. We found that suppliers have really liked that business model, and a number of them have been awarding us large pieces of new business in geographies where we've not dealt with them in those product portfolios,” said Powell. In February 2025, Univar announced an expanded distribution partnership with BASF, securing the exclusive right to serve as a distributor of LuquaSorb Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) in the US and Canada in industrial applications. In January 2025, Univar Solutions announced an exclusive distribution agreement for the US, Canada and Puerto Rico with dsm-firmenich, adding its skin actives and bioactive skin care ingredients including synthetic peptides, organically grown plant extracts and other natural ingredients. In November 2024, Univar announced a new exclusive distribution agreement with Syensqo to become, effective 1 January 2025, the sole distributor of its beauty care ingredients across the US and Canada. “We are able to demonstrate to them that we have this large specialty and ingredients business inside the portfolio that’s staffed by technical people who are able to take their products to market and gain value for them,” said Powell. “They were able to do that in conjunction with our solution centers (labs), helping customers solve problems or create new products to go and take more share in their marketplaces,” he added, calling the strategy a game changer of growth” for Univar. The ACC Annual Meeting runs through Wednesday. Interview article by Joseph Chang

03-Jun-2025

LONDON (ICIS)–InterContinental Energy (ICE), developer of the world’s largest planned hydrogen project, could cut the premium of renewable ammonia over carbon-price-adjusted grey ammonia by more than 50%, ICIS data shows. Speaking to ICIS at the World Hydrogen Summit 2025 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, ICE co-founder and chief executive officer Alexander Tancock explained to ICIS that the company’s large-scale hydrogen projects could produce hydrogen at $3/kg or ammonia at $650/ton. ICE projects are some of the largest renewable energy and hydrogen projects on earth. The company is developing three projects, two in Australia – Australian Renewable Energy Hub (AREH) and Western Green Energy Hub (WGEH) – and one in Oman called Green Energy Oman (GEO). The combined potential hydrogen output from all three projects, once built, would be 8.4 million tons of hydrogen per annum (MTPA), 0.5MTPA more than total hydrogen consumption combined across the EU 27, the UK, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland in 2023, according to the Clean Hydrogen Observatory. CUTTING THE GREEN PREMIUM WITH LOW-COST AMMONIA Taking into account freight costs for Australia to Germany of $155/ton, sourced by ICIS on 28 May, ICE $650/ton renewable ammonia could theoretically land in Europe with a delivered cost of $805/ton. Comparatively, ICIS assessed its carbon-adjusted ammonia (the emissions from grey ammonia are covered by the carbon price) into north-west Europe price at $524/ton on 22 May. The resultant premium of the renewable ammonia production from ICE’s future projects over carbon-adjusted ammonia based on today’s spot market would be $281/ton. Tancock told ICIS that the company intends to produce first molecules by 2032, meaning the premium is likely to change over the next seven years as the ammonia sector adapts to the energy transition – and the EU carbon price potentially rises. However, considering ICE’s renewable ammonia against alternative sources already discussed in the market, the company’s projections offer market participants a new look at the premium sustainable projects could hold as the market develops. Comparatively, in July 2024 H2Global announced the winner of its pilot auction, where Fertiglobe bid a delivered price of renewable ammonia of €1000/ton ($1130/ton). The German H2Global program procures international volumes of hydrogen or hydrogen derivatives with the ambition of re-selling them on the European market. Hintco, the coordinator of H2Global, noted at the time that it anticipates prices to be lower in the future due to supply-chain efficiencies and scaling of the hydrogen market. Fertiglobe deliveries are guaranteed from 2028, around four years ahead of when ICE could produce its first molecules. ACHIEVING LOW COSTS Although Tancock explained that the ammonia production would likely serve the Asian market, the market information is nonetheless a sign of potential cost reductions. Tancock explained several key components behind the projects that ICE is developing which supports lower-cost hydrogen and ammonia. When selecting a location, Tancock said that it would ideally have “lots of wind, lots of sun…ideally wind at night, sunny during the day, because that would then give you a much higher capacity factor… We looked for political stability, a track record of delivering huge infrastructure projects, finance, proximity to markets…the Middle East and Australia [are] markets where all of that comes together”. He said that there are other locations where these things come together, but ICE chose to focus on Australia and the Middle East. “If you look [at] how long it takes to permit a project in Australia, it’s five-to-seven years…Europe, it can be even longer, US as well.” Timing is another key element to reducing costs. “Any large project takes a really long time because of permitting process, design process. The other thing is, there’s a real decline in the cost curve right now of equipment, whether it’s wind, solar or electrolysers.” Tancock believes that the cost curve is slowing for wind and in solar, but that “it’s still quite steep in electrolysers”. Therefore “the ideal time to start bringing on really large projects will be the 2030s, because if you bring them on too early, you’re sort of locked in quite a high cost base”. ICE aims to bring its electricity-generating capacity online ahead of its electrolysers. Tancock explained that ICE will try to sell electricity to local offtakers and that “there should be some announcements later this year about [selling the projects’ power supply]” as two of them are located near to industry, providing energy-intensive offtakers. Another key component of lower-cost hydrogen and ammonia supply is the ICE patented P2(H2)Node system. The ICE nodes operate on the basis of co-locating electrolysis plants with wind and solar, removing the need to either connect to or build electricity transmission lines, and also through removing any losses that come as a result of using high-voltage lines. Reduced infrastructure due to co-location and reduced need for electricity transmission systems account for a 10% reduction in capital expenditure and a 10% increase in efficiency. READY DEMAND AND OFFTAKE STRUCTURES ICE intends to deliver its first electrons before the end of the decade and first molecules potentially in 2032, Tancock said. Supporting such timelines is the clear identification of demand and offtakers. For its ammonia, ICE is considering selling from its WGEH project into markets such as Korea, Japan, Singapore and China, where Tancock noted shipping as a potential offtake sector. However, some of the primary offtake will be local to the projects themselves. “If you look at our two projects in Australia, the northern project is sitting in the Pilbara, which is the world’s biggest iron ore producer. And just to put statistics on that, 800 million tons a year come out of the Pilbara. If we turned all 26GW [of our project’s capacity] into green iron, we would [cover] 4-5% of that…You would need about 600GW to decarbonize the Pilbara.” Similarly, for ICE’s project in Oman, Tancock explained the proximity to Europe as a benefit, but expanded to say that “Oman is currently…a trans-shipment location for iron ore. So, they import iron ore and turn [it] into pellets, which then get exported,” he said. Oman is currently seeking to decarbonize its export iron pellets, which the ICE GEO project could support and sell into. Nonetheless, Tancock noted that offtake is still the key issue for the development of projects. “The technical aspects all bring challenges, but they’re solvable. In that sense, it’s really questions about offtake,” he said. “So it’s about bringing the costs of our energy down, and then discussing with strategic offtakers who are looking to offtake in the 2030s and beyond.” ICE is currently in discussion with potential offtakers, Tancock explained, stating that on the molecule side “we’ll be signing those in 2027, 2028, so we’re working towards those offtakes at the moment”. Project developers speaking to ICIS regularly consider both the duration of offtake agreements and the total percentage of the project’s output that they would sign under a long-term deal. For ICE, Tancock stated that its projects’ output would need to be entirely contracted. “In the moment, I can’t see us doing much merchant. Now, you know, some people will say ‘oh we could do 80% contracted, 20% merchant,’ [but] all [of] that [is] to be seen…But I would anticipate it’ll be 100% allocated.” When discussing duration, Tancock said that the ideal would be “very long term” but that it’s unlikely to be achievable at the moment, although “those are conversations that are ongoing”. Reflecting on contracting, Tancock explained that he believed there is a role for governments to support. “You will see governments come in a little bit to help facilitate some of these earlier offtakers.” “They did it for LNG, they did it for [nuclear power]. They’ve done it for renewables. They’ve done it for oil and gas. So I think you will see that,” he said. “The first LNG shipments were all backed by very long-term offtakes…20-year offtakes.” GOVERNMENT MANDATES Expanding on the role of governments, Tancock highlighted that obligations for renewable or sustainable products were the right direction for the market to go. Discussing renewable energy, Tancock said that this was driven by government demand, penalties etc. However, Tancock noted that “the harder part we have with molecules is molecules tend to be traded a lot…The molecules come from here and they’re there. So that’s the trickier part we’re facing now when we’re trying to introduce green molecules…how do you, on an intra-regional and intercontinental level, manage that flow? Because if the benefits are flowing through to Oman, why would the German taxpayer keep paying?” As a solution, Tancock drew from recent successes with the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), stating “this [the IMO] is a global regulator who’s now put a global tax [on its stakeholders]”, meaning “no country pays, and no country suffers more than anyone else”. For hydrogen and ammonia, “things are happening,” Tancock said, such as the development of green corridors between different countries. “Until we get that, it’s very difficult to see sustained demand in some sectors…IMO is game changing. I think the IMO will show, is showing, that it can be done, but it will take now coordination,” Tancock said.

02-Jun-2025

HOUSTON (ICIS)–Here are the top stories from ICIS News from the week ended 30 May. Brazil’s PE market assumes ADDs on US, Canada material to be imposed from June Brazil’s polyethylene (PE) sellers this week are encouraging customers to bring forward purchases on the assumption that the government is to impose antidumping duties (ADDs) on US and Canadian material from June. US ethylene market braces for supply ramp-up as demand stays unsettled After a heavy turnaround season that began in January, the US ethylene market is preparing for a wave of fresh output that threatens to tip the sector back into oversupply as demand continues to face economic and trade policy headwinds. Brazil postpones decision on US-Canada PE antidumping duties Brazil's foreign trade committee Gecex has postponed a meeting where it was expected to decide on imposing antidumping duties (ADDs) polyethylene (PE) imports from the US and Canada. UPDATE: US trade court rules against Trump's emergency tariffs on global goods A US court ruled on Wednesday that the president cannot impose global tariffs under an emergency act, voiding all but the sectoral ones that the nation imposed against nearly every country in the world. INSIGHT: Court ruling to remove nearly all US chem tariffs imposed in 2025 A court ruling will leave the US some room to impose tariffs on imports of plastics and chemicals, but if it remains in place, it will eliminate virtually all the duties that the country imposed on those materials – opening the way for other countries to lift their retaliatory tariffs imposed on the nation's substantial exports of petrochemicals. Appeals court allows US to maintain chem tariffs The US can maintain nearly all the plastic and chemical tariffs it imposed this year after an appeals court granted on Thursday the government's request to stay the judgment of a lower court. Tricon Energy emphasizes ability to pivot quickly in face of tariff volatility – CEO In an increasingly volatile and uncertain world with a constantly changing US tariff regime throwing fuel on the fire, agility to adjust and pivot is more important than ever for a global chemical distributor, said the CEO of US-based Tricon Energy.

02-Jun-2025